{"id":348115,"date":"2025-10-31T09:47:15","date_gmt":"2025-10-31T08:47:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/news\/wgs-and-real-time-pcr-partners-not-competitors\/"},"modified":"2025-12-15T15:15:37","modified_gmt":"2025-12-15T14:15:37","slug":"wgs-and-real-time-pcr-partners-not-competitors","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/news\/wgs-and-real-time-pcr-partners-not-competitors\/","title":{"rendered":"WGS et PCR en temps r\u00e9el \u2013 Partenaires, pas concurrents"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Comment le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome complet (WGS) et la PCR en temps r\u00e9el fa\u00e7onnent la nouvelle \u00e8re de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire\u00a0?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Avec le r\u00e8glement (UE) 2025\/179, l\u2019Union europ\u00e9enne rend obligatoire l\u2019utilisation du WGS pour certains agents pathog\u00e8nes d\u2019origine alimentaire \u00e0 partir du 23 ao\u00fbt 2026 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Listeria monocytogenes<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Salmonella enterica<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>E. coli<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Campylobacter jejuni<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Campylobacter coli<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette obligation s\u2019applique lorsque ces pathog\u00e8nes sont li\u00e9s \u00e0 une \u00e9pid\u00e9mie alimentaire, ou lorsqu\u2019un lien est suspect\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019objectif : cr\u00e9er un syst\u00e8me europ\u00e9en d\u2019alerte pr\u00e9coce mol\u00e9culaire, capable de d\u00e9tecter et r\u00e9soudre les \u00e9pid\u00e9mies transfrontali\u00e8res plus rapidement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si le WGS devient la nouvelle norme pour la tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9, la PCR en temps r\u00e9el reste le pilier op\u00e9rationnel des analyses quotidiennes \u2013 rapide, sensible et \u00e9prouv\u00e9e sur le terrain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>WGS \u2013 La technologie de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence pour la tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome complet analyse l\u2019ADN int\u00e9gral d\u2019un micro-organisme, d\u00e9tectant les plus petites diff\u00e9rences g\u00e9n\u00e9tiques entre isolats.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le r\u00e9sultat : une empreinte digitale num\u00e9rique de chaque pathog\u00e8ne, permettant aux laboratoires et autorit\u00e9s de comparer les souches \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale. Applications cl\u00e9s :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00e9tection en temps r\u00e9el de clusters et investigations d\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bases de donn\u00e9es comparatives globales (EFSA, ECDC, NCBI)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Meilleure \u00e9valuation des risques et identification des sources<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>Nouvelles obligations europ\u00e9ennes applicables d\u00e8s 2026<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Selon le <strong>r\u00e8glement (UE) 2025\/179<\/strong>, les \u00c9tats membres doivent utiliser le <strong>s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome entier (WGS)<\/strong> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>En cas de suspicion ou confirmation d\u2019\u00e9pid\u00e9mie alimentaire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fournir des isolats ou s\u00e9quences existantes aux autorit\u00e9s sur demande<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Cela concerne principalement :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>les laboratoires nationaux de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les laboratoires r\u00e9gionaux de contr\u00f4le alimentaire et v\u00e9t\u00e9rinaire<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les autorit\u00e9s publiques charg\u00e9es de l\u2019inspection des denr\u00e9es alimentaires<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Les entreprises du secteur alimentaire ne sont pas tenues de r\u00e9aliser elles-m\u00eames le WGS, <strong>mais elles doivent fournir des isolats ou des donn\u00e9es de s\u00e9quen\u00e7age existantes \u00e0 la demande des autorit\u00e9s<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019<strong>EFSA<\/strong> exige la soumission de donn\u00e9es sp\u00e9cifiques accompagnant les s\u00e9quences WGS. Celles-ci incluent des identifiants de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence, l\u2019esp\u00e8ce du pathog\u00e8ne, la date d\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage, l\u2019\u00c9tat membre o\u00f9 l\u2019\u00e9chantillonnage a eu lieu, ainsi qu\u2019une description de la source (aliment, animal, aliment pour animaux ou environnement). Les r\u00e9sultats de WGS doivent \u00eatre transmis \u00e0 l\u2019EFSA <strong>dans les meilleurs d\u00e9lais<\/strong> d\u00e8s qu\u2019ils sont disponibles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>PCR en temps r\u00e9el \u2013 Le pilier op\u00e9rationnel<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Malgr\u00e9 les avanc\u00e9es technologiques, la PCR en temps r\u00e9el reste indispensable pour les tests de routine :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>R\u00e9sultats en heures au lieu de jours<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Haute sensibilit\u00e9<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Protocoles standardis\u00e9s<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Workflows automatisables pour un grand volume d\u2019\u00e9chantillons<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Applications pratiques :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tests de lib\u00e9ration (produits frais ou pr\u00eats \u00e0 consommer)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Surveillance environnementale et hygi\u00e8ne (CIP, surfaces)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Contr\u00f4le des mati\u00e8res premi\u00e8res et \u00e9valuation des fournisseurs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><strong>WGS et PCR en temps r\u00e9el : un syst\u00e8me int\u00e9gr\u00e9<\/strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00ab\u00a0La PCR en temps r\u00e9el le d\u00e9tecte. Le WGS montre d\u2019o\u00f9 \u00e7a vient. La PCR en temps r\u00e9el emp\u00eache que \u00e7a se reproduise.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Un syst\u00e8me moderne combine WGS et PCR en temps r\u00e9el :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>D\u00e9pistage par PCR en temps r\u00e9el \u2013 d\u00e9tection pr\u00e9coce des pathog\u00e8nes ou indicateurs<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Isolement culturel des \u00e9chantillons positifs \u2013 base pour analyses compl\u00e9mentaires<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Analyse WGS des isolats pertinents \u2013 tra\u00e7abilit\u00e9, clustering, investigations \u00e9pid\u00e9miologiques<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ainsi, le WGS est utilis\u00e9 uniquement lorsque n\u00e9cessaire, tandis que la PCR en temps r\u00e9el reste un outil rentable et op\u00e9rationnel pour la prise de d\u00e9cision quotidienne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour en savoir plus sur les tests de pathog\u00e8nes :<a href=\"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/highlights\/surefast-one-qpcr-kits-for-reliable-detection-of-food-pathogens-now-aoac-microval-certified\/\">https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/highlights\/surefast-one-qpcr-kits-for-reliable-detection-of-food-pathogens-now-aoac-microval-certified\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg_impl\/2025\/179\/oj\">https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/eli\/reg_impl\/2025\/179\/oj<\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/food.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/bb6b197a-cce2-4ebf-aca2-ebb6696c803f_en\">https:\/\/food.ec.europa.eu\/document\/download\/bb6b197a-cce2-4ebf-aca2-ebb6696c803f_en<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le s\u00e9quen\u00e7age du g\u00e9nome complet (WGS) et la PCR en temps r\u00e9el sont deux technologies compl\u00e9mentaires qui fa\u00e7onnent la nouvelle \u00e8re de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 alimentaire.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":330,"featured_media":347793,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","content-type":"","_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"141145,300164,300299,346376,139785,111760","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"analyte":[1444,1452,1206,1454],"technology":[1534],"industry":[],"newstype":[1873],"class_list":["post-348115","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","analyte-e-coli-fr","analyte-listeria-fr","analyte-microbiologie","analyte-salmonelle","technology-pcr-en-temps-reel","newstype-news-fr"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348115","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/330"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=348115"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348115\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":348126,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348115\/revisions\/348126"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/347793"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=348115"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"analyte","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/analyte?post=348115"},{"taxonomy":"technology","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/technology?post=348115"},{"taxonomy":"industry","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/industry?post=348115"},{"taxonomy":"newstype","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/food.r-biopharm.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/newstype?post=348115"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}