Microbiologie
Testkits voor de detectie van microbiologische besmetting
Microbiologie
Voeding besmet met micro-organismen zoals bacteriën, gisten, schimmels of virussen kan een risico voor de consument vormen. Naast de detectie van pathogene micro-organismen, is het belangrijk typische bederforganismen te monitoren om verliezen tijdens de productie te beperken.
Micro-organismen zijn schepsels van microscopisch klein formaat die hoofdzakelijk zijn georganiseerd als eencellige organismen, maar soms komen ze meercellig voor. Ze kunnen overal in de natuurlijke omgeving (water, bodem, lucht, etc.) worden gevonden. Micro-organismen kunnen van nature aanwezig zijn in voedingsmiddelen of op de oppervlakken van voedingsmiddelen (bijvoorbeeld verse groenten) of ze komen als verontreiniging in voedingsmiddelen terecht tijdens het productieproces (bijv. door onvoldoende hygiëne bij de vleesverwerking).
In de voedingssector kan onderscheid worden gemaakt tussen verschillende categorieën microbiologische besmetting:
Pathogene micro-organismen zijn ofwel helemaal niet toegestaan in het voedingsmiddel of ze mogen een specifiek aantal cellen per gram voeding niet overschrijden. Deze limieten verschillen per voedingsmatrix. (bezoek voor meer informatie de DGHM-website) Als limieten worden overschreden, kan dat enorme consequenties hebben voor de gezondheid van de consument. Daarom is voor de meeste van alle gebruikelijke pathogenen een nultolerantie per 25 g voedingsmonster aangegeven (Salmonella, Campylobacter, E. coli, etc.).
In het algemeen kan onderscheid worden gemaakt tussen twee microbiologische testmethoden: voedingstesten en hygiënemonitoring/reinigingscontrole.
Detectie van micro-organismen in de productieomgeving
Microbiologische testen voor reinigings- en hygiënecontrole detecteren algemene residuen van voedingsmiddelen op onvoldoende gereinigde oppervlakken in de productieomgeving. Deze residuen van voedingsmiddelen vormen de basis voor de groei van micro-organismen.
Kolonie-tellingen kunnen worden uitgevoerd in voedingsmiddelen of op oppervlakken met behulp van de kant en klare Compact Dry platen. Compact Dry’s zijn verkrijgbaar voor 13 verschillende analyseparameters. De algemene basis voor onderzoek met de Compact Dry methode is de kweek van micro-organismen op standaardvoedingsmedia. Het testprincipe is gebaseerd op specifieke chromogene substraten die door het metabolisme van micro-organismen worden omgezet in gekleurde producten. Naast onderzoek van verdunde voedingsmonsters is Compact Dry ook geschikt voor swabmonsters van oppervlakken of voor incubatie van membraanfiltermonsters van vloeistoffen.
Residuen van voedingsmiddelen op oppervlakken kunnen worden gedetecteerd met behulp van eiwittesten (RIDA®CHECK) of ATP-metingen (LuciPac™Pen). Het verontreinigingsstadium wordt door de bepaling van eiwitten ruwweg weergegeven met kleurverandering van het colorimetrische detectiereagens. Maar de relatieve hoeveelheid adenosinetrifosfaat (ATP: Adenosintriphosphat), respectievelijk adenosinemonofosfaat (AMP: Adenosinmonophosphat) kan erg nauwkeurig worden gemeten. Een speciale bioluminescentiereactie die de aanwezigheid van ATP of AMP vereist, wordt geregistreerd in een speciaal luminometerinstrument (Lumitester™ PD-20). Beide systemen zijn geschikt voor consistente controle van de efficiëntie van reinigingsprocedures. Deze controles zorgen ervoor dat de algemene industriële hygiëne in stand wordt gehouden. Oppervlakken die hygiënisch schoon zijn, kunnen het risico van productcontaminaties beperken.
Compact Dry | RIDA®STAMP | RIDA®CHECK | Lumitester™ PD-30 |
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Kant en klare voedingsplaten | Kant en klare agarplaten | Eiwittest | ATP/AMP-meting |
Microbentelling op oppervlakken en in verdunde voedingsmonsters | Microbentelling op platte oppervlakken in de productieomgeving en op vaste voedingsmiddelen | Swabtest voor de detectie van voedingsresiduen op oppervlakken | Detectie van voedingsresiduen op oppervlakken |
Gemakkelijk en veilig | Gemakkelijk te gebruiken en te evalueren | Snelle en betrouwbare methode | Snel en handig met de LuciPac®Pen met geïntegreerde swab |
Detectie van micro-organismen in voedingsmiddelen
Toxische residuen van bacteriën in voedings- en drankmonsters kunnen worden geanalyseerd met testkits voor bacteriële toxines. Gangbare testformats voor microbiële voedingstesten zijn: ELISA-testen, real-time PCR-testen, voedingsplaten en agarplaten.
Voor de detectie van pathogene bacteriën zijn op immunologie gebaseerde methoden (ELISA) verkrijgbaar. RIDASCREEN® testen zijn gebaseerd op de sandwichtechnologie waarbij het antigeen (bacterieel-oppervlakproteïne) in de well van een microplaat wordt ingevangen en wordt gedetecteerd door toevoeging van een tweede antilichaam dat is gemarkeerd met een speciaal detectie-enzym. De immunologische detectie vereist geschikte voorophopingsprocedures afhankelijk van het type pathogene bacteriën.
De detectie van bacteriële toxines is direct bij voedingsmonsters mogelijk (RIDASCREEN® SET Total en RIDASCREEN® SET A,B,C,D,E), of wordt gebruikt voor indirecte detectie van toxineproducerende pathogene bacteriën (RIDASCREEN® Verotoxin) na een geschikte voorophoping.
De identificatie van pathogene bacteriën en virussen kan worden uitgevoerd met moleculaire biologische systemen, bijvoorbeeld de zeer specifieke real-time PCR-kits van de SureFast® PATHOGEN lijn. Het modulaire systeem bestaat uit een geoptimaliseerde DNA-extractie via spinfilterkolommen en de gewoonlijk gebruikte TaqMan-hydrolyse-sondetechnologie in combinatie met FAM-kleurstoffen voor detectie. Uitvoering is mogelijk met alle algemeen verkrijgbare soorten real-time PCR-thermocyclers. De interne amplificatiecontrole is in alle PLUS kits geïntegreerd. De juiste keuze van amplificatiecontrolekleurstof is afhankelijk van het cyclertype waarop de reactie zal worden toegepast.
RIDASCREEN® | SureFast® | Compact Dry | RIDA®STAMP |
---|---|---|---|
Immunologische test (ELISA) | Moleculair-biologische test (real-time PCR) | Kant en klare voedingsplaten | Kant en klare agarplaten |
Voor de detectie van bacteriën en bacteriële toxines | Voor de detectie van bacteriën en virussen | Microbentelling op oppervlakken en in verdunde voedingsmonsters | Microbentelling op platte oppervlakken en op vaste voedingsmiddelen |
Snelle en betrouwbare methode | Zeer specifiek en snel; geschikt voor alle standaard PCR-thermocyclers | Gemakkelijk en veilig | Gemakkelijk te gebruiken en te evalueren |
Product portfolio
Product | Beschrijving | No. of tests/amount | Art. No. |
---|---|---|---|
Lumitester SMART |
The Lumitester SMART with use of LuciPac™ A3 Pens / LuciPac® Pens allows rapid detection of food and microbiological residues on all surfaces in contact with the product as an effectiveness test for cleaning and disinfection measures. The … Lees meer |
1 Lumitester SMART (size/weight: 65 × 176 × 40 mm / 255 g (except batteries)), 1 strap, 1 USB cable, 2 size AA alkaline batteries, 3 cleaning brushes, 1 QUICK manual. Display type: Organic-LED-Display Port: USB, Bluetooth LE (Ver. 4.1) Temperature range: 5 – 40 °C Unit of measurement: RLU Data memory: 2000 Analyses Power supply: 2 alkaline batteries (AA) Weight: 255 g L x W x H: 176 x 65 x 176 mm |
ZSMART |
LuciPac™ A3 Water |
The LuciPac™ A3 Water is a kit for testing cleanliness levels of water and other liquid samples using bioluminescence techniques using firefly luciferase. The quantitative detection of the intra- and extracellular Adenosine Triphosphates (ATP), … Lees meer |
100 swab sticks (5 x 20 each) for 100 determinations | ZLA1003672 |
LuciPac™ A3 Surface |
The LuciPac™ A3 Surface allows rapid detection of food and microbial related residues on product contact surfaces as a monitoring tool for the effectiveness of implemented cleaning and disinfection. The quantitative detection of the intra- and … Lees meer |
100 swab sticks (5 x 20 each) for 100 determinations | ZLP1003667 |
Lumitester SMART / PD-20 / PD-30 control kit |
The check of Lumitester SMART and Lumitester PD-20 / PD-30 operation and the check of sensitivity can be performed by using this kit. This kit can generate a stable light by adopting automatic light control using LED. Features: Electric method using … Lees meer |
Positive control lamp with charger and negative control tubes | ZLC1002657 |
LuciPac® Pen AQUA |
The LuciPac® Pen AQUA is a kit for testing cleanliness levels of water and other liquid samples using bioluminescence techniques using firefly luciferase. The quantitative detection of the intra- and extracellular Adenosine Triphosphates (ATP) as … Lees meer |
100 swab sticks (5 x 20 each) for 100 determinations | ZLA1002672 |
LuciPac® Pen |
The LuciPac® Pen allows rapid detection of food and microbial related residues on product contact surfaces as a monitoring tool for the effectiveness of implemented cleaning and disinfection. The quantitative detection of the intra- and … Lees meer |
100 swab sticks (5 x 20 each) for 100 determinations | ZLP1002667 |
Product | Beschrijving | No. of tests/amount | Art. No. |
---|---|---|---|
RIDASCREEN® SET Total (96 tests) |
RIDASCREEN® SET Total is a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the combined detection of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxins A, B, C, D and E in fluid and solid foods as well as in bacterial cultures. Lees meer |
Microtiter plate with 96 wells (12 strips with 8 breakable wells each), 96 determinations. |
R4105 |
RIDASCREEN® SET A,B,C,D,E |
RIDASCREEN® SET A,B,C,D,E is a sandwich enzyme immunoassay for the identification of Staphylococcus enterotoxins A, B, C, D and E in fluid and solid foods as well as in bacterial cultures. Based on its sensitivity the RIDASCREEN® SET A,B,C,D,E test … Lees meer |
Microtiter plate with 96 wells (12 strips with 8 wells each), one strip is necessary for analysis of one sample, 12 tests in total. |
R4101 |
Product | Beschrijving | No. of tests/amount | Art. No. |
---|---|---|---|
Compact Dry LM |
Usage of Compact Dry LM is a simple and safe test procedure for detection of Listeria monocytogenes in pre-enriched samples of foods. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter petri dish containing a detection specific nutrient pad. … Lees meer |
HS9901: 100 nutrient plates, HS9902: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9901 / HS9902 |
Compact Dry PA |
Compact Dry PA is a simple and safe test procedure for the determination and quantification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa counts in foods, cosmetics, water samples or pharmaceutical materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter … Lees meer |
HS9491: 100 nutrient plates, HS9492: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9491 / HS9492 |
Compact Dry YMR |
Usage of Compact Dry YMR (rapid) is a simple, safe and fast test procedure for determination and quantification of yeasts and molds in foods or raw materials – as well as pharmaceutical raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 … Lees meer |
HS9801: 100 nutrient plates, HS9802: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9801 / HS9802 |
Compact Dry AQ |
Usage of Compact Dry AQ is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of heterotrophic water bacteria from water samples (drinking and ultrapure water). The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter petri dish … Lees meer |
HS9541: 100 nutrient plates, HS9542: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9541 / HS9542 |
Compact Dry ETC |
Usage of Compact Dry ETC is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of Enterococcus in foods and water samples. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter petri dish containing a detection specific … Lees meer |
HS9461: 100 nutrient plates, HS9462: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9461 / HS9462 |
Compact Dry BC |
Usage of Compact Dry BC is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of Bacillus cereus in foods or raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter petri dish containing a detection specific … Lees meer |
HS9721: 100 nutrient plates, HS9722: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9721 / HS9722 |
Compact Dry X-SA |
Usage of Compact Dry X-SA is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of Staphylococcus aureus in foods, cosmetics or raw materials – as well as pharmaceutical raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special … Lees meer |
HS9621: 100 nutrient plates, HS9622: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9621 / HS9622 |
Compact Dry YM |
Usage of Compact Dry YM is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of yeasts and molds in foods or raw materials – as well as pharmaceutical raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter … Lees meer |
HS8801: 100 nutrient plates, HS8802: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS8801 / HS8802 |
Compact Dry VP |
Usage of Compact Dry VP is a simple and safe test procedure for detection and quantification of Vibrio parahaemolyticus as well as Vibrio spp. in foods or raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter petri dish … Lees meer |
HS8821: 100 nutrient plates, HS8822: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS8821 / HS8822 |
Compact Dry TC |
Usage of Compact Dry TC is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of aerobic mesophilic count in foods, cosmetics or raw materials – as well as pharmaceutical raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a … Lees meer |
HS8771: 100 nutrient plates, HS8772: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS8771 / HS8772 |
Compact Dry SL |
Usage of Compact Dry SL is a simple and safe test procedure for detection of Salmonella in pre-enriched samples of foods or raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter petri dish containing a detection specific nutrient … Lees meer |
HS9401: 100 nutrient plates, HS9402: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9401 / HS9402 |
Compact Dry LS |
Usage of Compact Dry LS is a simple and safe test procedure for quantification of Listeria contaminations in foods or raw materials – as well as pharmaceutical raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm diameter petri dish … Lees meer |
HS8811: 100 nutrient plates, HS8812: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS8811 / HS8812 |
Compact Dry ETB |
Usage of Compact Dry ETB is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of Enterobacteria in foods, cosmetics or raw materials – as well as pharmaceutical raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm … Lees meer |
HS9431: 100 nutrient plates, HS9432: 40 nutrient plates (HS9432), four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS9431 / HS9432 |
Compact Dry EC |
Usage of Compact Dry EC is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of coliform bacteria and E. coli in foods, cosmetics, water or raw materials – as well as pharmaceutical raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist … Lees meer |
HS8781: 100 nutrient plates, HS8782: 40 nutrient plates (HS8782), four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS8781 / HS8782 |
Compact Dry CF |
Usage of Compact Dry CF is a simple and safe test procedure for determination and quantification of coliform bacteria in foods, cosmetics or raw materials – as well as pharmaceutical raw materials. The ready-to-use plates consist of a special 50 mm … Lees meer |
HS8791: 100 nutrient plates, HS8792: 40 nutrient plates, four plates are packed in one aluminum bag. |
HS8791 / HS8792 |
Product | Beschrijving | No. of tests/amount | Art. No. |
---|---|---|---|
RIDA®CHECK |
RIDA®CHECK is a rapid swab test for monitoring the efficiency of surface cleaning procedures in the production environment. The test is intended to be used as a support for hygiene monitoring as well as general protein screening in allergen … Lees meer |
R1091: 50 swabs for 100 determinations R1092: 20 swabs for 40 determinations |
R1091 / R1092 |
Product | Beschrijving | No. of tests/amount | Art. No. |
---|---|---|---|
Simplex® Easy Spin Plus |
Alicyclobacillus spp. DNA-extraction from e.g. juices, concentrates and tomato products without preenrichment. Lees meer |
50 preparations | Q705 |
QuickGEN PCR Kit Zygosaccharomyces rouxii |
Detection of Zygosaccharomyces rouxii in wine and grape must by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q583 |
SureFast® Enterobacteriaceae 4plex |
The SureFast® Enterobacteriaceae 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of specific DNA sequences of Enterobacteriaceae, Cronobacter spp. and Salmonella spp.. Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5180 |
SureFast® Fecal Screen 4plex |
The SureFast® Fecal Screen 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of specific DNA sequences of Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococci, Escherichia coli in water. Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5504 |
QuickGEN PCR Kit Yeast universal -low- |
Qualitative detection of yeast contaminations in beverages. For exapmple: Saccharomyces spp. Dekkera spp. Zygosaccharomyces spp. Rhodotorula spp. Torulaspora spp. Kluyveromyces spp. Debaromyces spp. Candida spp. Hanseniaspora spp. Pichia spp Lees meer |
48 reactions: 48 x Dye Strips (freeze-dried, incl. IC-DNA) | Q982 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 and Dekkera spp. Screening low MG |
Qualitative detection of bacterial (Lactobacillus/ Pediococcus / Megasphaera/ Pectinatus) and Dekkera spp. contaminations in filtrated beer, beer mixes and yeast containing samples: Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q094 |
SureFast® Listeria 3plex ONE |
The SureFast® Listeria 3plex ONE can be applied for the fast and simple isolation and differentiation of Listeria spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in different types of food. The method consists of the following three steps: 1) Cultural enrichment 2) … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5217 |
QuickGEN PCR Kit Fusarium spp. |
Detection of Fusarium spp. in beverages, cereals etc. by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q961 |
QuickGEN Pentaplex PCR Kit – Beer spoilage bacteria and yeast screening |
Qualitative detection of bacterial, S. cerevisiae var. diastaticus and Dekkera spp. contaminations in filtered beer, beer mixes and yeast containing samples. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q061 |
SureFast® Campylobacter 4plex |
The SureFast® Campylobacter 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of specific DNA sequences of Campylobacter jejuni, Campylobacter lari and Campylobacter coli. Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5170 |
SureFast® Mag PREP Pathogens |
The kit is intended to be used for the isolation of DNA and RNA viruses nucleic acids from food and feed (e.g. wash up fluids from fruits, salads etc.), filters from water samples and swabs (e.g. from work surfaces etc.) as well as bacterial DNA from … Lees meer |
96 preparations | F1062 |
SureFast® STEC 4plex ONE |
The SureFast® STEC 4plex ONE can be applied for the fast and simple isolation, detection and differentiation of specific DNA sequences of the Escherichia coli virulence factors stx1 (subtype a-d), stx2 (subtype a-g), eae and the Escherichia coli … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5265 |
SureFast® MRSA 4plex |
The SureFast® MRSA 4plex is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The test detects the SCCmec/orfX junction, the mecA/mecC-gene and a specific DNA sequence of … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F7117 |
TANBead Maelstrom™ 4800 |
The TANBead Maelstrom™ 4800 (Taiwan Advanced Nanotech) is a fully automated operating instrument for nucleic acid purification and isolation using magnetic beads and rods. The instrument uses the TANBead patented Maelstrom Spin Mixing Technology to … Lees meer |
Up to 48 samples | ZMAL48 |
SureFast® Mag PREP Food |
The kit is intended to be used for isolation of animal and plant DNA from food and feed as well as bacterial DNA from bacterial culture enrichments with the TANBead® Maelstrom 4800. Standardization and harmonization of methods Reduction of errors … Lees meer |
96 preparations | F1060 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN PCR Kit Alicyclobacillus Differentiation high |
Qualitative detection and differentiation of Alicyclobacillus spp., Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris . Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q721 |
SureFast® Yersinia 3plex |
The SureFast® Yersinia 3plex is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of specific ail gene DNA sequences of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis and Yersinia enterocolitica. Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5132 |
GEN-IAL® Dekkera bruxellensis Standard DNA |
Quantification of Dekkera bruxellensis in beverages (e.g. wine and grape must) by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
1 x Standard 1 200000 cfus / 2.5 μL DNA (D. bruxellensis, freeze-dried) | Q360 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN PCR Kit S. cerevisiae var. diastaticus white |
Detection of S. cerevisiae var. diastaticus in beverages. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q183 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii white |
Detection of Zygosaccharomyces bailii in wine and grape must by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q563 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii low |
Detection of Zygosaccharomyces bailii in wine and grape must by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions (tubes incl. Lyticase and IC-DNA) | Q562 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Dekkera spp. |
Detection of Dekkera spp. in beverages (e.g. beer, wine, grape must) by real-time PCR. The following species are detected: D. bruxellensis, D. anomala, D. custersiana, D. naardenensis and D. nanus. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q555 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Dekkera spp. white |
Detection of Dekkera spp. in wine and grape must by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q553 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Dekkera spp. low |
Detection of Dekkera spp. in beverages (e.g. beer, wine, grape must) by real-time PCR. The following species are detected: D. bruxellensis, D. anomala, D. custersiana, D. naardenensis and D. nanus Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q552 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Dekkera spp. high |
Detection of Dekkera spp. in wine and grape must by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q551 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast differentiation white |
Differentiation of 12 beer spoilage yeasts in beer and mixed beer drinks: Saccharomyces exiguus Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. diastaticus Saccharomyces bayanus / pastorianus Saccharomycodes ludwigii Torulaspora delbrückii Klyveromyces marxianus … Lees meer |
96 reactions for 12 samples | Q543 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast differentiation low |
Differentiation of 12 beer spoilage yeasts in beer and mixed beer drinks: Saccharomyces exiguus Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. diastaticus Saccharomyces bayanus / pastorianus Saccharomycodes ludwigii Torulaspora delbrückii Klyveromyces marxianus … Lees meer |
96 reactions for 12 samples (tubes contain lyticase). | Q542 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wild yeast 2 low |
Detection of wild yeast in beverages by real-time PCR. The following yeasts are detected: Candida glabrata Candida albicans Candida kefyr Candida intermedia Candida parapsilosis Candida sake Candida tropicalis Naumovozyma dairenensis Pichia … Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q532 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wild yeast 1 |
Detection of wild yeast in beverages by real-time PCR. The following yeasts are detected: Dekkera anomala Dekkera bruxellensis Dekkera custersiana Dekkera naardenensis Debaromyces hansenii Hanseniaspora guillermondii Hanseniaspora osmophila … Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q525 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Dekkera bruxellensis quantitative FAM/HEX |
Qualitative and quantitative detection of Dekkera bruxellensis in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q395 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Dekkera bruxellensis quantitative FAM/ROX |
Qualitative and quantitative detection of Dekkera bruxellensis in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q385 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Dekkera bruxellensis quantitative white |
Qualitative and quantitative detection of Dekkera bruxellensis in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q373 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Dekkera bruxellensis quantitative low |
Qualitative and quantitative detection of Dekkera bruxellensis in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
48 reactions (freeze-dried, tubes incl. Lytikase and IC-DNA). | Q372 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wine Screening without yeast low MG |
Qualitative detection of Lactobacilli, Pediococci, Oenococcus oeni and acetic acid bacteria in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q334 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wine Screening without yeast white |
Qualitative detection of Lactobacilli, Pediococci, Oenococcus oeni and acetic acid bacteria in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q333 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wine Screening without yeast low |
Qualitative detection of Lactobacilli, Pediococci, Oenococcus oeni and acetic acid bacteria in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q332 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wine Screening low MG |
Qualitative detection and differentiation of bacterial and yeast contaminations in wine and grape must: Lactobacillus/ Pediococcus/Oenococcus oeni Acetic acid bacteria Yeast Inhibition control Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q324 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wine Screening white |
Qualitative detection and differentiation of bacterial and yeast contaminations in wine and grape must: Lactobacillus/ Pediococcus/Oenococcus oeni Acetic acid bacteria Yeast Inhibition control Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q323 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wine Screening low |
Qualitative detection and differentiation of bacterial and yeast contaminations in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q322 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Saccharomyces diastaticus high |
Detection of Saccharomyces diastaticus in beverages by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q181 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Bottom fermented white |
Detection of bottom-fermented yeast in beverages by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q163 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Bottom fermented low |
Detection of bottom-fermented yeast in beverages (e.g. beer, wine, grape must) by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q162 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN® Yeast Top fermented white |
Real-time PCR-Kit for the detection of top-fermented yeast. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q153 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN® Yeast Top fermented low |
Real-time PCR-Kit for the detection of top-fermented yeast. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q152 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Beer differentiation white |
Differentiation of beer spoilage bacteria and yeast in beer and mixed beer drinks. The following bacteria and yeast are differentiated: L. acetotolerans, L. backii, L. brevis/L. brevisimilis/L. parabrevis, L. lindneri, L. casei/ L paracasei, L. … Lees meer |
12 strips à 8 tubes (one strip per sample, tube 2 contains lyticase) for 12 samples. | Q083 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Beer differentiation low |
Differentiation of beer spoilage bacteria and yeast in beer and mixed beer drinks. The following bacteria and yeast are differentiated: L. acetotolerans, L. backii, L. brevis/L. brevisimilis/L. parabrevis, L. lindneri, L. casei/ L paracasei, L. … Lees meer |
12 strips à 8 tubes (one strip per sample, tube 2 contains lyticase) for 12 samples. | Q082 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Beer yeast and bacteria differentiation white |
Differentiation of beer spoilage bacteria and yeast in beer and mixed beer drinks. The following bacteria and yeasts are differentiated: Lactobacilli Pediococci Acetic acid bacteria Enterobacteriaceae Bottom-fermented yeast Top-fermented yeast Wild … Lees meer |
96 PCR reactions (24 samples) 12 stripes (tubes 2, 3, 5 and 6 contain lyticase) |
Q073 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Beer yeast and bacteria differentiation low |
Differentiation of beer spoilage bacteria and yeast in beer and mixed beer drinks. The following bacteria and yeasts are differentiated: Lactobacilli Pediococci Acetic acid bacteria Enterobacteriaceae Bottom-fermented yeast Top-fermented yeast Wild … Lees meer |
96 PCR reactions (24 samples) 12 stripes |
Q072 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening and Hop resistance |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations and the hop resistance genes hor A and hor C as genetic markers for beer-spoilage microorganisms in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q055 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening and Hop resistance low MG |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations and the hop resistance genes hor A and hor C as genetic markers for beer-spoilage microorganisms in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q054 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening and Hop resistance white |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations and the hop resistance genes hor A and hor C as genetic markers for beer-spoilage microorganisms in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q053 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening and Hop resistance low |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations and the hop resistance genes hor A and hor C as genetic markers for beer-spoilage microorganisms in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q052 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 and S. diastaticus Screening |
Qualitative detection of bacterial and S. cerevisiae var. diastaticus contaminations in filtrated beer, beer mixes and yeast containing samples. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q045 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 and S. diastaticus Screening low MG |
Qualitative detection of bacterial (Lactobacillus/ Pediococcus / Megasphaera/ Pectinatus) and S. diastaticus contaminations in filtrated beer and mixed beer drinks and yeast containing samples. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q044 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 and S. diastaticus Screening white |
Qualitative detection of bacterial and S.diastaticus contaminations in filtrated beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q043 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 and S. diastaticus Screening low |
Qualitative detection of bacterial and S. cerevisiae var. diastaticus contaminations in filtrated beer, beer mixes and yeast containing samples. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q042 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening without yeast |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q035 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening without yeast white |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q033 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening without yeast low |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q032 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening |
Qualitative detection of bacterial and yeast contaminations in filtrated beer and beer mixes. For products with high amount of yeast use the Screening Kit without yeast detection to find bacterial contaminations more sensitive (Q035). Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q025 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening low MG |
Qualitative detection of bacterial (Lactobacillus/ Pediococcus / Megasphaera/ Pectinatus) and yeast contaminations in filtrated beer and beer mixes. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q024 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening white |
Qualitative detection of bacterial (Lactobacillus/ Pediococcus / Megasphaera/ Pectinatus) and yeast contaminations in filtrated beer and beer mixes. For products with high amount of yeast use the Screening Kit without yeast detection to find … Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q023 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening low |
Qualitative detection of bacterial and yeast contaminations in filtrated beer and beer mixes. For products with high amount of yeast use the Screening Kit without yeast detection to find bacterial contaminations more sensitive (Q032). Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q022 |
SureFast® Escherichia coli Serotype II 4plex |
The SureFast® Escherichia coli Serotype II 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of specific wzx gene DNA sequences of Escherichia coli O45, wbdl gene DNA sequences of Escherichia coli O111 and … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5168 |
SureFast® Escherichia coli Serotype I 4plex |
The SureFast® Escherichia coli Serotype I 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR kit for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of specfifc wzx gene DNA sequences of Escherichia coli O121, O26 and O103. Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5167 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wine Screening without yeast high |
Qualitative detection of Lactobacilli, Pediococci, Oenococcus oeni and acetic acid bacteria in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q331 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wine Screening high |
Qualitative detection and differentiation of bacterial and yeast contaminations in wine and grape must: Lactobacillus/ Pediococcus/Oenococcus oeni Acetic acid bacteria Yeast Inhibition control Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q321 |
SureFast® Foodborne Pathogens 4plex |
The SureFast® Foodborne Pathogens 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of Escherichia coli virulence factors (stx1 [subtype a-d], stx2 [subtype a-g]), Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5175 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wild yeast 2 |
Detection of wild yeast in beverages by real-time PCR. The following yeasts are detected: Candida glabrata Candida albicans Candida kefyr Candida intermedia Candida parapsilosis Candida sake Candida tropicalis Naumovozyma dairenensis Pichia … Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q535 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Wild yeast 1 low |
Detection of wild yeast in beverages by real-time PCR. The following yeasts are detected: Dekkera anomala Dekkera bruxellensis Dekkera custersiana Dekkera naardenensis Debaromyces hansenii Hanseniaspora guillermondii Hanseniaspora osmophila … Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q522 |
SureFast® Salmonella Species/Enteritidis/Typhimurium 4plex |
The SureFast® Salmonella Species/Enteritidis/Typhimurium 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of Salmonella spp., Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium. Each reaction contains an … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5166 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening high |
Qualitative detection of bacterial (Lactobacillus/ Pediococcus / Megasphaera / Pectinatus) and yeast contaminations in filtrated beer and beer mixes. For products with high amount of yeast use the Screening Kit without yeast detection to find … Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q021 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Enterobacteriacea spp. |
Qualitative real.time PCR-detection of Enterobacteriaceae as indicators for hygiene and postprocessing contaminations. The system contains an integrated inhibition control. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q145 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Lactobacillus spp. / Pediococcus spp. |
Qualitative detection of Lactobacillus spp. and Pediococcus spp. in beverages. Lees meer |
48 reactions tube strips (freeze-dried, incl. IC-DNA) |
QTLP0048* |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening without yeast high |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
48 reactions tube strips (freeze-dried, incl. IC-DNA) |
Q031 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Saccharomyces diastaticus low |
Detection of Saccharomyces diastaticus in beverages by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q182 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 and S. diastaticus Screening high |
Qualitative detection of bacterial and S.diastaticus contaminations in filtrated beer and mixed beer drinks and yeast containing samples. Lees meer |
48 reactions tube strips (freeze-dried, incl. IC-DNA and lyticase) |
Q041 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast differentiation high |
Differentiation of 12 beer spoilage yeasts in beer and mixed beer drinks. The following yeast are differentiated: Saccharomyces exiguus Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. diastaticus Saccharomyces bayanus / pastorianus Saccharomycodes ludwigii … Lees meer |
96 reactions for 12 samples (tubes contain lyticase). | Q541 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN P1 Screening and Hop resistance high |
Qualitative detection of bacterial contaminations and the hop resistance genes hor A and hor C as genetic markers for beer-spoilage microorganisms in beer and mixed beer drinks. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q051 |
SureFast®STEC Screening PLUS |
The SureFast® STEC Screening PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of DNA sequences of the virulence factors stx1 (subtype a-d) and stx2 (subtype a-g) of Escherichia coli (STEC). Each reaction contains an internal … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5105 |
SureFast® Hepatitis E PLUS |
SureFast® Hepatitis E PLUS is a real-time RT-PCR for the direct and qualitative detection of hepatitis E virus. The test contains an Internal Control RNA (ICR, consisting of MS2-bacteriophage) as an internal control of sample preparation procedure … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F7142 |
GEN-IAL® Pichia membranaefaciens |
Real-time PCR-Kit for the detection of Pichia membranaefaciens. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q930 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Wickerhamomyces anomalus |
Detection of Wickerhamomyces anomalus in beverages (e.g. beer, wine, grape must) by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q175 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN® Yeast Top fermented high |
Real-time PCR-Kit for the detection of top-fermented yeast. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q151 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Bottom fermented high |
Detection of bottom-fermented yeast in beverages by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q161 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Pectinatus / Megasphaera differentiation low |
Real-time PCR-Kit for the detection of Pectinatus spp. and Megasphaera spp in beverages. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q112 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Beer yeast and bacteria differentiation high |
Differentiation of beer spoilage bacteria and yeast in beer and mixed beer drinks. The following bacteria and yeasts are differentiated: Lactobacilli Pediococci Acetic acid bacteria Enterobacteriaceae Bottom-fermented yeast Top-fermented yeast Wild … Lees meer |
96 PCR reactions (24 samples) 12 stripes |
Q071 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Hop resistance |
Qualitative detection and differentiation of the hop resistance genes hor A / hor C / hit A and ORF 5 as genetic markers for beer-spoilage microorganisms. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q105 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Beer differentiation high |
Differentiation of beer spoilage bacteria and yeast in beer and mixed beer drinks. The following bacteria and yeast are differentiated: L. acetotolerans, L. backii, L. brevis/L. brevisimilis/L. parabrevis, L. lindneri, L. casei/ L paracasei, L. … Lees meer |
12 strips à 8 tubes (one strip per sample, tube 2 contains lyticase) for 12 samples. | Q081 |
GEN-IAL® Biogenic amines |
Real-time PCR kit for the detection of biogenic amines producing lactic acid bacteria in wine. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q345 |
SureFast® Enterobacteriaceae Screening PLUS |
The test detects Enterobacteriaceae DNA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5507 |
SureFast® Parasitic Water Panel 4plex |
The SureFast® Parasitic Water Panel 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of Giardia intestinalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Cryptosporidium spp.. Each reaction contains an internal … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5506 |
SureFast® Legionella 3plex |
The SureFast® Legionella 3plex is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of Legionella spp. and Legionella pneumophila. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5505 |
SureFast® Vibrio 4plex |
The SureFast® Vibrio 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus DNA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5161 |
SureFast® Pseudomonas aeruginosa PLUS |
The SureFast® Pseudomonas aeruginosa PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of a specific DNA sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5503 |
SureFast® Escherichia coli PLUS |
The test detects Escherichia coli DNA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5157 |
SureFast® Cronobacter sakazakii PLUS |
SureFast® Cronobacter sakazakii PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of Cronobacter sakazakii DNA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5115 |
SureFast® Cronobacter PLUS |
The test detects Cronobacter spp. DNA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5114 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Biofilm |
Real-time PCR detection of Leuconostoc mesenteroides, Lactoccocus lactis and Wickerhamomyces anomalus, which are involved in the development of biofilms. Lees meer |
50 reactions | Q095 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Alicyclobacillus differentiation |
Qualitative detection and identification of Alicyclobacillus spp., Alicyclobacillus acidocaldarius and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris. Lees meer |
48 reactions | Q724 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Dekkera bruxellensis quantitative high |
Qualitative and quantitative detection of Dekkera bruxellensis in wine and grape must. Lees meer |
48 reactions (freeze-dried, tubes incl. Lytikase and IC-DNA). | Q371 |
SureFast® Emetic Bacillus cereus PLUS |
The SureFast® Emetic Bacillus cereus PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of a specific cereulide synthetase DNA sequence of the emetic Bacillus cereus. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5127 |
GEN-IAL® QuickGEN Yeast Zygosaccharomyces bailii high |
Detection of Zygosaccharomyces bailii in wine and grape must by real-time PCR. Lees meer |
48 reactions (tubes incl. Lyticase and IC-DNA) | Q561 |
SureFast® Clostridium perfringens PLUS |
The SureFast® Clostridium perfringens PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of a specific alpha-toxin DNA sequence of Clostridium perfringens. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5123 |
SureFast® Clostridium botulinum Screening PLUS |
The SureFast® Clostridium botulinum Screening PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of specific Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) A, B, E and F DNA sequences of Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium baratii and Clostridium butyricum. … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5110 |
SureFast® Clostridium estertheticum PLUS |
The test detects Clostridium estertheticum DNA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5160 |
SureFast® Salmonella ONE |
Salmonella spp. detection with real-time PCR Two in one – Salmonella test kit with included DNA preparation The kit is intended to be used for the fast and simple isolation and detection of Salmonella DNA from enrichment cultures. Each reaction … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5211 |
SureFast® Salmonella PLUS |
The SureFast® Salmonella PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of a specific DNA sequence of Salmonella spp.. The SureFast® Salmonella PLUS real-time PCR kit has been validated and certified in combination with the … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5111 |
SureFast® EHEC/EPEC 4plex |
SureFast® EHEC/EPEC 4plex is a multiplex real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection and differentiation of DNA sequences of the virulence factors stx1 (subtype a-d), stx2 (subtype a-g), eae and the E. coli and Shigella spp. virulence factor … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5128 |
SureFast® Legionella Screen PLUS |
The test detects Legionella spp. DNA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5502 |
SureFast® Hepatitis A PLUS |
The test is a real-time RT-PCR for the direct and qualitative detection of hepatitis A virus. The test contains an Internal Control RNA (ICR) as an internal control of sample preparation procedure and to determine possible PCR-inhibition. For … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F7125 |
SureFast® Bacillus cereus group PLUS |
The SureFast® Bacillus cereus group PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of specific DNA sequences of Bacillus cereus group (Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus cytotoxis, Bacillus mycoides, Bacillus … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5126 |
SureFast® Staphylococcus aureus PLUS |
The SureFast® Staphylococcus aureus PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of a specific Staphylococcus aureus DNA sequence. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5116 |
SureFast® Listeria monocytogenes PLUS |
SureFast® Listeria monocytogenes PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of DNA sequences of the Listeria monocytogenes virulence-associated gene prfA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5113 |
SureFast® Listeria Screening PLUS |
The SureFast® Listeria Screening PLUS is a real-time PCR for the direct, qualitative detection of a specific DNA sequence of Listeria spp.. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5117 |
SureFast® Legionella pneumophila PLUS |
The test detects Legionella pneumophila DNA. Each reaction contains an internal amplification control (IAC). Lees meer |
100 reactions | F5501 |
SureFast® Norovirus/Hepatitis A 3plex |
The SureFast® Norovirus/Hepatitis A 3plex is a multiplex real-time RT-PCR for the direct qualitative detection and differentiation of norovirus (genogroup I and II) and hepatitis A. The test contains an Internal Control RNA (ICR, consisting of … Lees meer |
100 reactions | F7124 |